MetricFlow commands
Once you define metrics in your dbt project, you can query metrics, dimensions, and dimension values, and validate your configs using the MetricFlow commands, available across the dbt Core or dbt Fusion Engine. To upgrade to Fusion, see Get started with Fusion.
MetricFlow allows you to define and query metrics in your dbt project in dbt platform or dbt Core. To experience the power of the universal Semantic Layer and dynamically query those metrics in downstream tools, you'll need a dbt Starter, Enterprise, or Enterprise+ account.
MetricFlow is compatible with Python versions 3.8, 3.9, 3.10, 3.11, and 3.12.
MetricFlow
- MetricFlow in Fusion or dbt platform
- MetricFlow with dbt Core
This section applies to dbt platform users running the dbt Fusion Engine, where commands and validations execute remotely in dbt platform.
- Run MetricFlow commands using the
dbt slprefix in the Studio IDE or Cloud CLI or using the VS Code extension. - For CLI or VS Code/Cursor users, MetricFlow commands are embedded, which means you can immediately run them once you install the Cloud CLI or VS Code extension and don't need to install MetricFlow separately.
- Using MetricFlow with dbt platform doesn't require you to manage versioning — your dbt account will automatically manage the versioning.
- dbt jobs support the
dbt sl validatecommand to automatically test your semantic nodes. You can also add MetricFlow validations with your Git provider (such as GitHub Actions) by installing MetricFlow (python -m pip install metricflow). This allows you to run MetricFlow commands as part of your continuous integration checks on PRs.
This section applies to dbt Core users running the dbt Core engine or users running source available Fusion locally and aren't on dbt platform.
You can install MetricFlow from PyPI. You need to use pip to install MetricFlow on Windows or Linux operating systems:
- Create or activate your virtual environment
python -m venv venv. - Run
pip install dbt-metricflow.
- You can install MetricFlow using PyPI as an extension of your dbt adapter in the command line. To install the adapter, run
python -m pip install "dbt-metricflow[adapter_package_name]"and add the adapter name at the end of the command. For example, for a Snowflake adapter, runpython -m pip install "dbt-metricflow[dbt-snowflake]".
Note, you'll need to manage versioning between dbt Core, your adapter, and MetricFlow.
Something to note, MetricFlow mf commands return an error if you have a Metafont latex package installed. To run mf commands, uninstall the package.
MetricFlow commands
Use MetricFlow commands to retrieve metadata and query metrics. The following table lists the compatibility matrix for MetricFlow commands and where you can run them.
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- If you’re using Fusion with dbt platform and have a
dbt_cloud.ymlfile with a valid token to connect to dbt platform, run MetricFlow commands using thedbt slprefix.- This allows you to interact with metrics that are executed remotely on dbt platform (for example, from the Studio IDE or Cloud CLI).
- If you’re using Fusion CLI (source available) and aren't connected to dbt platform, install MetricFlow separately and use the
mfprefix to run commands locally. - If you’re using dbt Core locally without Fusion, run MetricFlow commands using the
mfprefix.
- Commands for dbt platform
- Commands for dbt Core
This section applies to dbt platform users running the dbt Fusion Engine or dbt Core engine where commands and validations execute remotely in dbt platform.
- Use the
dbt slprefix before the command name to execute them in the dbt platform (Studio IDE, VS Code/Cursor, Cloud CLI) (likedbt sl list metricsto list all metrics).- For dbt platform users developing with a CLI or an editor (like VS Code), run the
dbt sl --helpcommand in the terminal to view a complete list of the MetricFlow commands and flags.
- For dbt platform users developing with a CLI or an editor (like VS Code), run the
- The following table lists the commands compatible with dbt platform (Studio IDE, VS Code/Cursor, Cloud CLI) powered by the dbt Fusion Engine or dbt Core engine:
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When you make changes to metrics, make sure to run dbt parse at a minimum to update the Semantic Layer. This updates the semantic_manifest.json file, reflecting your changes when querying metrics. By running dbt parse, you won't need to rebuild all the models.
This section applies to dbt Core users running the dbt Core engine or users running source available Fusion locally and not a dbt platform user. Commands and validations execute locally and use the mf prefix before the command name to execute them. For example, to list all metrics, run mf list metrics.
list metrics— Lists metrics with dimensions.list dimensions— Lists unique dimensions for metrics.list dimension-values— List dimensions with metrics.list entities— Lists all unique entities.validate-configs— Validates semantic model configurations.health-checks— Performs data platform health check.tutorial— Dedicated MetricFlow tutorial to help get you started.query— Query metrics and dimensions you want to see in the command line interface. Refer to query examples to help you get started.
List metrics
This command lists the metrics with their available dimensions:
dbt sl list metrics <metric_name> # For dbt platform users (Core or Fusion engine)
mf list metrics <metric_name> # For open-source users (Core or Fusion source available)
Options:
--search TEXT Filter available metrics by this search term
--show-all-dimensions Show all dimensions associated with a metric.
--help Show this message and exit.
List dimensions
This command lists all unique dimensions for a metric or multiple metrics. It displays only common dimensions when querying multiple metrics:
dbt sl list dimensions --metrics <metric_name> # For dbt platform users (Core or Fusion engine)
mf list dimensions --metrics <metric_name> # For open-source users (Core or Fusion source available)
Options:
--metrics SEQUENCE List dimensions by given metrics (intersection). Ex. --metrics bookings,messages
--help Show this message and exit.
List dimension-values
This command lists all dimension values with the corresponding metric:
dbt sl list dimension-values --metrics <metric_name> --dimension <dimension_name> # For dbt platform users (Core or Fusion engine)
mf list dimension-values --metrics <metric_name> --dimension <dimension_name> # For open-source users (Core or Fusion source available)
Options:
--dimension TEXT Dimension to query values from [required]
--metrics SEQUENCE Metrics that are associated with the dimension
[required]
--end-time TEXT Optional iso8601 timestamp to constraint the end time of
the data (inclusive)
*Not available in the dbt platform/Fusion yet
--start-time TEXT Optional iso8601 timestamp to constraint the start time
of the data (inclusive)
*Not available in in the dbt platform/Fusion yet
--help Show this message and exit.
List entities
This command lists all unique entities:
dbt sl list entities --metrics <metric_name> # For dbt platform users (Core or Fusion engine)
mf list entities --metrics <metric_name> # For open-source users (Core or Fusion source available)
Options:
--metrics SEQUENCE List entities by given metrics (intersection). Ex. --metrics bookings,messages
--help Show this message and exit.
List saved queries
This command lists all available saved queries:
dbt sl list saved-queries # For dbt platform users (Core or Fusion engine)
You can also add the --show-exports flag (or option) to show each export listed under a saved query:
dbt sl list saved-queries --show-exports # For dbt platform users (Core or Fusion engine)
Output
dbt sl list saved-queries --show-exports
The list of available saved queries:
- new_customer_orders
exports:
- Export(new_customer_orders_table, exportAs=TABLE)
- Export(new_customer_orders_view, exportAs=VIEW)
- Export(new_customer_orders, alias=orders, schemas=customer_schema, exportAs=TABLE)
Validate
The following command performs validations against the defined semantic model configurations.
dbt sl validate # For dbt platform users (Core or Fusion engine)
mf validate-configs # For open-source users (Core or Fusion source available)
Options:
--timeout # dbt platform only
Optional timeout for data warehouse validation in dbt platform.
--dw-timeout INTEGER # dbt Core only
Optional timeout for data warehouse
validation steps. Default None.
--skip-dw # dbt Core only
Skips the data warehouse validations.
--show-all # dbt Core only
Prints warnings and future errors.
--verbose-issues # dbt Core only
Prints extra details about issues.
--semantic-validation-workers INTEGER # dbt Core only
Uses specified number of workers for large configs.
--help Show this message and exit.
Health checks
The following command performs a health check against the data platform you provided in the configs.
Note, in dbt, the health-checks command isn't required since it uses dbt's credentials to perform the health check.
mf health-checks # For open-source users (Core or Fusion source available)
Tutorial
Follow the dedicated MetricFlow tutorial to help you get started:
mf tutorial # For open-source users (Core or Fusion source available)
Query
Create a new query with MetricFlow and execute it against your data platform. The query returns the following result:
dbt sl query --metrics <metric_name> --group-by <dimension_name> # For dbt platform users (Core or Fusion engine)
dbt sl query --saved-query <name> # For dbt platform users (Core or Fusion engine)
mf query --metrics <metric_name> --group-by <dimension_name> # For open-source users (Core or Fusion source available)
Options:
--metrics SEQUENCE Syntax to query single metrics: --metrics metric_name
For example, --metrics bookings
To query multiple metrics, use --metrics followed by the metric names, separated by commas without spaces.
For example, --metrics bookings,messages
--group-by SEQUENCE Syntax to group by single dimension/entity: --group-by dimension_name
For example, --group-by ds
For multiple dimensions/entities, use --group-by followed by the dimension/entity names, separated by commas without spaces.
For example, --group-by ds,org
--end-time TEXT Optional iso8601 timestamp to constraint the end
time of the data (inclusive).
*Not available in the dbt platform/Fusion yet
--start-time TEXT Optional iso8601 timestamp to constraint the start
time of the data (inclusive)
*Not available in the dbt platform/Fusion yet
--where TEXT SQL-like where statement provided as a string and wrapped in quotes.
All filter items must explicitly reference fields or dimensions that are part of your model.
To query a single statement: ---where "{{ Dimension('order_id__revenue') }} > 100"
To query multiple statements: --where "{{ Dimension('order_id__revenue') }} > 100" --where "{{ Dimension('user_count') }} < 1000" # make sure to wrap each statement in quotes
To add a dimension filter, use the `Dimension()` template wrapper to indicate that the filter item is part of your model.
Refer to the FAQ for more info on how to do this using a template wrapper.
--limit TEXT Limit the number of rows out using an int or leave
blank for no limit. For example: --limit 100
--order-by SEQUENCE Specify metrics, dimension, or group bys to order by.
Add the `-` prefix to sort query in descending (DESC) order.
Leave blank for ascending (ASC) order.
For example, to sort metric_time in DESC order: --order-by -metric_time
To sort metric_time in ASC order and revenue in DESC order: --order-by metric_time,-revenue
--csv FILENAME Provide filepath for data frame output to csv
--compile (dbt platform/Fusion) In the query output, show the query that was
--explain (dbt Core) executed against the data warehouse
--show-dataflow-plan Display dataflow plan in explain output
--display-plans Display plans (such as metric dataflow) in the browser
--decimals INTEGER Choose the number of decimal places to round for
the numerical values
--show-sql-descriptions Shows inline descriptions of nodes in displayed SQL
--help Show this message and exit.
Query examples
This section shares various types of query examples that you can use to query metrics and dimensions. The query examples listed are:
- Query metrics
- Query dimensions
- Add
order/limitfunction - Add
whereclause - Filter by time
- Query saved queries
Query metrics
Use the example to query multiple metrics by dimension and return the order_total and users_active metrics by metric_time.
Query
dbt sl query --metrics order_total,users_active --group-by metric_time # For dbt platform users (Core or Fusion engine)
mf query --metrics order_total,users_active --group-by metric_time # For open-source users (Core or Fusion source available)
Result
✔ Success 🦄 - query completed after 1.24 seconds
| METRIC_TIME | ORDER_TOTAL |
|:--------------|---------------:|
| 2017-06-16 | 792.17 |
| 2017-06-17 | 458.35 |
| 2017-06-18 | 490.69 |
| 2017-06-19 | 749.09 |
| 2017-06-20 | 712.51 |
| 2017-06-21 | 541.65 |
Query dimensions
You can include multiple dimensions in a query. For example, you can group by the is_food_order dimension to confirm if orders were for food or not. Note that when you query a dimension, you need to specify the primary entity for that dimension. In the following example, the primary entity is order_id.
Query
dbt sl query --metrics order_total --group-by order_id__is_food_order # For dbt platform users (Core or Fusion engine)
mf query --metrics order_total --group-by order_id__is_food_order # For open-source users (Core or Fusion source available)
Result
Success 🦄 - query completed after 1.70 seconds
| METRIC_TIME | IS_FOOD_ORDER | ORDER_TOTAL |
|:--------------|:----------------|---------------:|
| 2017-06-16 | True | 499.27 |
| 2017-06-16 | False | 292.90 |
| 2017-06-17 | True | 431.24 |
| 2017-06-17 | False | 27.11 |
| 2017-06-18 | True | 466.45 |
| 2017-06-18 | False | 24.24 |
| 2017-06-19 | False | 300.98 |
| 2017-06-19 | True | 448.11 |
Add order/limit
You can add order and limit functions to filter and present the data in a readable format. The following query limits the data set to 10 records and orders them by metric_time, descending. Note that using the - prefix will sort the query in descending order. Without the - prefix sorts the query in ascending order.
Note that when you query a dimension, you need to specify the primary entity for that dimension. In the following example, the primary entity is order_id.
Query
# For dbt platform users (Core or Fusion engine)
dbt sl query --metrics order_total --group-by order_id__is_food_order --limit 10 --order-by -metric_time
# For open-source users (Core or Fusion source available)
mf query --metrics order_total --group-by order_id__is_food_order --limit 10 --order-by -metric_time
Result
✔ Success 🦄 - query completed after 1.41 seconds
| METRIC_TIME | IS_FOOD_ORDER | ORDER_TOTAL |
|:--------------|:----------------|---------------:|
| 2017-08-31 | True | 459.90 |
| 2017-08-31 | False | 327.08 |
| 2017-08-30 | False | 348.90 |
| 2017-08-30 | True | 448.18 |
| 2017-08-29 | True | 479.94 |
| 2017-08-29 | False | 333.65 |
| 2017-08-28 | False | 334.73 |
Add where clause
You can further filter the data set by adding a where clause to your query. The following example shows you how to query the order_total metric, grouped by is_food_order with multiple where statements (orders that are food orders and orders from the week starting on or after Feb 1st, 2024).
Query
# For dbt platform users (Core or Fusion engine)
dbt sl query --metrics order_total --group-by order_id__is_food_order --where "{{ Dimension('order_id__is_food_order') }} = True" --where "{{ TimeDimension('metric_time', 'week') }} >= '2024-02-01'"
# For open-source users (Core or Fusion source available)
mf query --metrics order_total --group-by order_id__is_food_order --where "{{ Dimension('order_id__is_food_order') }} = True" --where "{{ TimeDimension('metric_time', 'week') }} >= '2024-02-01'"
Notes:
- The type of dimension changes the syntax you use. So if you have a date field, use
TimeDimensioninstead ofDimension. - When you query a dimension, you need to specify the primary entity for that dimension. In the example just shared, the primary entity is
order_id.
Result
✔ Success 🦄 - query completed after 1.06 seconds
| METRIC_TIME | IS_FOOD_ORDER | ORDER_TOTAL |
|:--------------|:----------------|---------------:|
| 2017-08-31 | True | 459.90 |
| 2017-08-30 | True | 448.18 |
| 2017-08-29 | True | 479.94 |
| 2017-08-28 | True | 513.48 |
| 2017-08-27 | True | 568.92 |
| 2017-08-26 | True | 471.95 |
| 2017-08-25 | True | 452.93 |
| 2017-08-24 | True | 384.40 |
| 2017-08-23 | True | 423.61 |
| 2017-08-22 | True | 401.91 |
Filter by time
To filter by time, there are dedicated start and end time options. Using these options to filter by time allows MetricFlow to further optimize query performance by pushing down the where filter when appropriate.
Note that when you query a dimension, you need to specify the primary entity for that dimension. In the following example, the primary entity is order_id.
Query
# For open-source users (Core or Fusion source available)
mf query --metrics order_total --group-by order_id__is_food_order --limit 10 --order-by -metric_time --where "is_food_order = True" --start-time '2017-08-22' --end-time '2017-08-27'
Result
✔ Success 🦄 - query completed after 1.53 seconds
| METRIC_TIME | IS_FOOD_ORDER | ORDER_TOTAL |
|:--------------|:----------------|---------------:|
| 2017-08-27 | True | 568.92 |
| 2017-08-26 | True | 471.95 |
| 2017-08-25 | True | 452.93 |
| 2017-08-24 | True | 384.40 |
| 2017-08-23 | True | 423.61 |
| 2017-08-22 | True | 401.91 |
Query saved queries
You can use this for frequently used queries. Replace <name> with the name of your saved query.
Query
dbt sl query --saved-query <name> # For dbt platform users (Core or Fusion engine)
mf query --saved-query <name> # For open-source users (Core or Fusion source available)
For example, if you use dbt and have a saved query named new_customer_orders, you would run dbt sl query --saved-query new_customer_orders.
When querying saved queries, you can use parameters such as where, limit, order, compile, and so on. However, keep in mind that you can't access metric or group_by parameters in this context. This is because they are predetermined and fixed parameters for saved queries, and you can't change them at query time. If you would like to query more metrics or dimensions, you can build the query using the standard format.
Additional query examples
The following tabs present additional query examples, like exporting to a CSV. Select the tab that best suits your needs:
- --compile/--explain flag
- Export to CSV
Add --compile (or --explain for dbt Core users) to your query to view the SQL generated by MetricFlow.
Query
# For dbt platform users (Core or Fusion engine)
dbt sl query --metrics order_total --group-by metric_time,is_food_order --limit 10 --order-by -metric_time --where "is_food_order = True" --start-time '2017-08-22' --end-time '2017-08-27' --compile
# For open-source users (Core or Fusion source available)
mf query --metrics order_total --group-by metric_time,is_food_order --limit 10 --order-by -metric_time --where "is_food_order = True" --start-time '2017-08-22' --end-time '2017-08-27' --explain
Result
✔ Success 🦄 - query completed after 0.28 seconds
🔎 SQL (remove --compile to see data or add --show-dataflow-plan to see the generated dataflow plan):
select
metric_time
, is_food_order
, sum(order_cost) as order_total
from (
select
cast(ordered_at as date) as metric_time
, is_food_order
, order_cost
from analytics.js_dbt_sl_demo.orders orders_src_1
where cast(ordered_at as date) between cast('2017-08-22' as timestamp) and cast('2017-08-27' as timestamp)
) subq_3
where is_food_order = True
group by
metric_time
, is_food_order
order by metric_time desc
limit 10
Add the --csv file_name.csv flag to export the results of your query to a CSV. The --csv flag is available in dbt Core only and not supported in dbt.
Query
# For open-source users (Core or Fusion source available)
mf query --metrics order_total --group-by metric_time,is_food_order --limit 10 --order-by -metric_time --where "is_food_order = True" --start-time '2017-08-22' --end-time '2017-08-27' --csv query_example.csv
Result
✔ Success 🦄 - query completed after 0.83 seconds
🖨 Successfully written query output to query_example.csv
Time granularity
Optionally, you can specify the time granularity you want your data to be aggregated at by appending two underscores and the unit of granularity you want to metric_time, the global time dimension. You can group the granularity by: day, week, month, quarter, and year.
Below is an example for querying metric data at a monthly grain:
dbt sl query --metrics revenue --group-by metric_time__month # For dbt platform users (Core or Fusion engine)
mf query --metrics revenue --group-by metric_time__month # For open-source users (Core or Fusion source available)
Export
Run exports for a specific saved query. Use this command to test and generate exports in your development environment. You can also use the --select flag to specify particular exports from a saved query. Refer to exports in development for more info.
Export is available in dbt.
dbt sl export # For dbt platform users (Core or Fusion engine)
Export-all
Run exports for multiple saved queries at once. This command provides a convenient way to manage and execute exports for several queries simultaneously, saving time and effort. Refer to exports in development for more info.
Export is available in dbt.
dbt sl export-all # For dbt platform users (Core or Fusion engine)
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